informationfornurses

Multiple sclerosis is the autoimmune disorder in which there was immune system attacks the CNS and there was demyelination of the white matter of the brain and spinal cord, making the conduction of the nerve impulses impossible. When we check the signs and symptoms of the patient may present with any of the following – nystagmus, diplopia. Double vision, dysarthria, ataxia, dysphagia, optic neuritis, hypoesthesia, parasthesia, depression.

We can easily diagnose through the MRI of the brain( see active lesions), lumbar puncture (CSF shows the oligoclonal bands) , less response to the optic and sensory perception ( due to demyelination of the neural pathway).

In MS actually the Oligodendrocytes are destroyed which are responsible for formation of white matter.

And T-cells gain entry into the blood brain barrier ( this happens when there is any viral infections) and the T-cells see the myelin as foreign and start to destroy the myelin and thus we gets the MS.

The genetic, environmental, infection, viral are causative factors of the MS. It was proved that low vitamin D causes the MS.

RX—-intravenous corticosteroids like methylprednisolone are given even if there lot of side effects like osteoporosis, impaired memory.

Disease modifying drugs —- 1. 2 formulation of interferon beta 1-a

2. Interferon beta 1-b

3. Glatiramer acetate

4. Mitoxantrone (immunosuppressant)

5. Natalizumab

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